Zoseweretsa zimadziwika kuti ndi "mabwenzi apamtima a ana".Komabe, anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti zoseweretsa zina zili ndi ngozi zomwe zimawopseza thanzi ndi chitetezo cha ana athu.Kodi zovuta zazikulu zamtundu wazinthu zomwe zimapezeka poyesa zoseweretsa za ana ndi ziti?Kodi tingapewe bwanji zimenezi?
Chotsani zolakwika ndikuteteza chitetezo cha ana
China ndi malo opanga mphamvu.Amagulitsa zoseweretsa ndi zinthu zina za ana m'maiko ndi zigawo zoposa 200.Ku UK, 70% ya zoseweretsa zimachokera ku China, ndipo ku Europe, chiwerengerocho chimafika mpaka 80% ya zoseweretsa.
Kodi tingachite chiyani ngati tipeza cholakwika panthawi yopanga mapulani?Kuyambira pa Ogasiti 27, 2007, ndikufalitsa motsatizana ndikukhazikitsa "Regulations on the Administration of Recalls of Children's Toys", "Regulations on the Administration of Recalls of Defective Daily Products", ndi "Interim Provisions on the Administration of Recalls of Consumer. Products", dongosolo lokumbukira zinthu zosalongosoka lakhala lothandiza kwambiri poteteza thanzi la ana, kudziwitsa anthu zachitetezo chazinthu komanso kukonza momwe madipatimenti aboma amayendetsera chitetezo chazinthu.
Ife tikuwona zomwezo kutsidya kwa nyanja.Pakadali pano, mayiko ndi zigawo zambiri padziko lapansi, monga United Kingdom, Australia, European Union, Japan, Canada, ndi zina zambiri akhazikitsa motsatizana makina okumbukira zinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku.Chaka chilichonse, zinthu zambiri zosalongosoka za tsiku ndi tsiku zimakumbukiridwa kuchokera kumakampani ogawa kuti makasitomala atetezedwe ku zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
Pankhani imeneyi, "Kaya ndi China, European Union, United Kingdom kapena maiko ena achipitalist, onse amaona kufunika kwambiri chitetezo cha ana, ndi njira kasamalidwe khalidwe mankhwala kwa zoseweretsa ana ndi okhwima kwambiri."
Zowopsa zonse ndi malingaliro owunika zoseweretsa za ana
Mosiyana ndi zinthu zina zatsiku ndi tsiku, cholinga cha zoseweretsa za ana ndi chapadera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo amthupi komanso payekhapayekha, zomwe zimawonetsedwa makamaka ngati kusowa kwa luso lodziteteza.Ana zokhudza thupi makhalidwe amasiyananso akuluakulu ': kukula mofulumira ndi chitukuko, chilakolako kufufuza zinthu zatsopano ndi nthawi zonse chitukuko cha chidziwitso luso.
"Njira ya ana yogwiritsira ntchito chidole ndi njira yonse yofufuza ndikumvetsetsa dziko lapansi. Nthawi zambiri, sikophweka kutsata ndondomeko ya mapangidwe kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zidole mofanana ndi momwe munthu wamkulu angachitire. Choncho, iwo apadera ayenera kukhala apadera aziganiziridwa panthawi yokonza, kupanga ndi kupanga kuti asawononge ana."
Zowopsa zazikulu pakuwunika zonse zoseweretsa kwa ana ndi izi:
1. Chitetezo chakuthupi cha makina ndi zida.
Amawonetsedwa makamaka ngati tizigawo ting'onoting'ono, zoboola / zokwapula, zotchinga, zopindika, kufinya, kugunda, kugwa / kuphwanya, phokoso, maginito, ndi zina zambiri.
Pambuyo pofufuza zowerengera, zidapezeka kuti mu makina ndi zida chowopsa kwambiri chinali tizigawo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono zomwe zidagwa mosavuta, ndi 30% mpaka 40%.
Kodi tizigawo tating'ono tating'ono togwa ndi chiyani?Zitha kukhala mabatani, pinballs, trinkets, zigawo zing'onozing'ono ndi zowonjezera.Tizigawo tating'onoting'ono timeneti titha kumezedwa mosavuta ndi ana kapena kuyika m'mphuno mwawo atagwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chiopsezo chomeza dothi kapena kutsekeka kwa pabowo.Ngati gawo laling'ono lili ndi zida za maginito osatha, zitamezedwa molakwika, kuwonongeka kumapitilirabe.
M'mbuyomu, mayiko a European Union adatumiza machenjezo a kasitomala ku mtundu wodziwika bwino wa toys ku China.Zoseweretsa zimenezo zinali ndi tizigawo ting’onoting’ono ta maginito kapena timipira ting’onoting’ono.Panali chiwopsezo cha asphyxia chifukwa chomeza mwangozi kwa ana kapena kupuma kwa tizigawo ting'onoting'ono.
Pankhani yachitetezo chakuthupi cha makina ndi zida, Huang Lina adati makampani opanga zinthu ayenera kuwunika mosamalitsa zamtundu wazinthu panthawi yopanga.Kuphatikiza apo, mafakitale ayenera kusamala kwambiri posankha zinthu zopangira, chifukwa zida zina zimafunikira kusamalidwa mwanjira inayake panthawi yopanga kuti zipewe "kugwa".
2. Kuchita kwachitetezo pamoto.
Zoseweretsa zambiri zimapangidwa ndi nsalu.Ichi ndichifukwa chake ntchito yoyatsira chitetezo cha zinthuzi iyenera kuchitidwa.
Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu ndikuyatsa mwachangu kwambiri kwa zigawo / zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale nthawi yokwanira kuti ana athawe mwadzidzidzi.Kuperewera kwina ndi kusakhazikika kwa filimu ya pulasitiki ya PVC, yomwe imatulutsa mosavuta madzi amadzimadzi.Zolakwika zina zimachitika ngati zoseweretsa zodzaza mofewa ziyaka mwachangu kwambiri, ngati muvundikira thovu muzovala, kapena kuwonongeka kwamankhwala chifukwa chautsi woyaka.
Popanga zinthu zonse, tiyenera kudziwa za kusankha kwa zinthu zopangira.Tiyeneranso kulabadira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamoto zopanda halogen.Makampani ambiri amawonjezera dala zoletsa moto za halogen kuti akwaniritse bwino zomwe zimafunikira pachitetezo chachitetezo.Komabe, zina mwazotsalirazi zitha kuwononga organic, choncho samalani nazo!
3. organic mankhwala chitetezo ntchito.
Zowopsa zamankhwala achilengedwe ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri yovulala chifukwa cha zoseweretsa.The mankhwala mu zidole mosavuta anasamutsa ana matupi chifukwa malovu, thukuta, etc., potero kuvulaza thanzi lawo lakuthupi ndi maganizo.Poyerekeza ndi kuvulala kwakuthupi, kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku zoseweretsa kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuzindikira chifukwa kumachulukana pang'onopang'ono.Komabe, kuwonongeka kungakhale kwakukulu, kuyambira kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kupita ku zovuta zamaganizo ndi thupi komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ziwalo zamkati za thupi.
Zinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi ndi kuvulala kwa organic zimaphatikizapo zinthu zinazake komanso zinthu zina zowunikira, pakati pa ena.Zina mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zomwe zimasamutsidwa ndi arsenic, selenium, antimony, mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium ndi barium.Zina mwazinthu zowunikira ma tackifiers, formaldehyde m'nyumba, azo dyes (zoletsedwa), BPA ndi zoletsa moto zopanda halogen, pakati pa ena.Kupatula izi, zinthu zina za carcinogenic zomwe zimayambitsa kusamvana ndi kusintha kwa majini ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuwongolera.
Poyankha kuvulazidwa kotereku, makampani opanga zinthu ayenera kusamala kwambiri utoto womwe amapaka, ndi ma polima ndi zida zina zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.Ndikofunikira kupeza ogawa olondola paziwiya zilizonse kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopanda zidole panthawi yopanga.Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kusamala pogula zida zosinthira ndikukhala okhwima kwambiri popewa kuipitsidwa kwa malo opanga panthawi yonse yopanga.
4. Kuchita kwa chitetezo chamagetsi.
Posachedwapa, ndikutsatira kukonzanso kwa zinthu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito masitayelo ndi matekinoloje atsopano, zoseweretsa zamagetsi zalandiridwa ndi manja awiri ndi makolo ndi ana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi zowononga magetsi.
Zowopsa zachitetezo chamagetsi pazoseweretsa za ana zimawonetsedwa makamaka ngati zida zotenthetsera komanso magwiridwe antchito, osakwanira kulimba mtima komanso kulimba kwa zida zapakhomo, komanso zolakwika zamapangidwe.Zowopsa zachitetezo chamagetsi zomwe zitha kuyambitsa mitundu iyi.Yoyamba ndi kutenthedwa kwa chidole, komwe kutentha kwa zigawo za chidole ndi malo ozungulira kumakhala kokwezeka kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kuyaka kwa khungu kapena kuyaka pamalo achilengedwe.Chachiwiri ndi kusakwanira kokakamiza kwa zida zapakhomo, zomwe zimabweretsa kulephera kwafupipafupi, kulephera kwamagetsi, kapena kuwonongeka.Chachitatu ndi kusakwanira kumakhudza kulimba, komwe kumachepetsa chitetezo cha mankhwala.Mtundu womaliza ndi zolakwika zamapangidwe, monga batire yowonjezedwanso yolumikizidwa kumbuyo, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa kagawo kakang'ono kapena kugwa kwa batire yowonjezedwanso, mwa zina.
Ponena za ngozi imeneyi, Huang Lina ananena kuti makampani kupanga kuchita luso ndi akatswiri pakompyuta dera chitetezo mapulogalamu kamangidwe, komanso kugula zigawo zikuluzikulu pakompyuta zimene zimakwaniritsa mfundo kupewa kuvulaza ana.
Zimaphatikizanso kulemba zilembo, kuyika chizindikiro, ukhondo ndi chitetezo, ndi zovuta zina.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-04-2021